Joint Optimization of Allocations and Relocations in One-Way Carsharing Systems with Two Operators

Multiple operators commonly coexist in one-way carsharing systems. Therefore, the performance of system is worth exploring. We used systems with two as an example, assuming that one joins first and called leader, another named follower. A nonlinear mixed-integer bilevel programming model set to jointly optimize allocations (including number shared cars parking spaces) relocations. The users’ preferences are included by comprehensively considering travel cost, available at departing station, spaces arrival station. Relocations also performed upper-level lower-level maximize profits leader follower, respectively. models both levels connect setting each station choice between operators. customized adaptive genetic algorithm proposed based on characteristic model. Case studies Beijing reveal that, compared a single-operator system, total profit demand satisfied increased significantly two-operator systems, increases 37.59% 56.55%, Considering preferences, can meet 266.84% more demands earn 174.76% higher profit. As for corresponding growth rates 124.98% 36.30%,